PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL CAPACITY OF Burkholderia glumae IN SEVEN COMMERCIAL RICE VARIETIES FROM PANAMA
Keywords:
Bacterial blight, temperature, dilution, bacterial inoculum, seed.Abstract
Burkholderia glumae is the causal agent of bacterial blight of the rice panicle, a disease that causes considerable losses in crop production in Panama and in many Latin American countries. This disease was first described in Panama in 2002 and 2005. Because rice is one of the most important crops in Panama, it is clear that a wide distribution of the bacterial blight of the panicle would become a great disadvantage for the agricultural economy of the country. The direct consequences at the agronomic level would be losses in yield and production stability, due to this pathogen has the potential to reduce it up to 75%, in severely affected regions, causes decrease in grain weight, flowers sterility and inhibition of seed germination. The objective of this work was to quantify the resistance to infection by B. glumae of seven different varieties of commercial rice grown in Panama. Varieties were evaluated against 6 concentrations of fresh bacterial culture, incubated at three different temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C and 34 °C). Significant differences were observed between temperature and predominant level of infection by variety of rice, nevertheless the analysis revealed that there were no significant differences between the concentrations of bacterial inoculum and the levels of infection of the different studied rice varieties. It was observed that at 25 °C all varieties of rice showed a lower degree of susceptibility with respect to the varieties incubated at 30 °C and 34 °C. Similarly, the most susceptible variety to infection by B. glumae was GAB-11 and the least susceptible were I-145-05, I-54-05 and I-FL-106-11 at 30 °C and 34 °C.
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