A CLOSER ANALYSIS OF THE UNIPARENTAL HAPLOTYPES IN THE GUAYMI AND GUABALA RACES OF PANAMA
Keywords:
Bioinformatics, biotechnology, conservancy, livestock, molecular markers.Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has established itself as a key tool in molecular genetics research, particularly in investigations of population diversity and evolutionary history in animals. Owing to its high polymorphism and the abundance of copies per cell, mtDNA enables efficient data retrieval, even from degraded or ancient samples. In parallel, the study of Y chromosome haplogroups has provided complementary insights into bovine genetic diversity from a paternal perspective. The aim of this study was to characterize mitochondrial and Y chromosome haplotypes in the Guaymí and Guabalá creole cattle breeds of Panama. A fragment of the hypervariable D-loop region of mtDNA and seven Y chromosome markers were analyzed. The findings allowed for the identification of uniparental markers in both breeds. Results indicate that the maternal lineage of these breeds traces back to the Iberian trunk, particularly southern Spain, with possible indirect influence from African lineages. Notably, the Guabalá breed exhibits a paternal genetic signature not previously reported in other cattle breeds.
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